Gender, race, pay and promotion in the British nursing profession: estimation of a generalized ordered probit model
利用1994年调查数据，分析英国国家医疗服务体系护理职业的岗位分级，发现性别差异不大，但种族间晋升速度差异显著，影响终身收入。
We analyse job grading within the UK National Health Service nursing profession, using 1994 survey data. We start from the ordered probit model, for which we develop and apply appropriate specification tests. Threshold constancy and covariate exogeneity are rejected, with important consequences for estimates of the influence of gender, ethnicity, training and career interruptions. We find little evidence of disadvantage for females relative to males, but significant differences in speed of promotion between ethnic groups, implying non-negligible differences in lifetime earnings. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.