A Reconsideration of the Effects of Unionism on Relative Wages and Employment in the United States, 1920-1980
重新审视了1920-1980年间美国工会对相对工资和工时的影响，扩展了Lewis的数据至1980年，发现工资效应估计与Lewis相似但不精确，而工时效应是否存在负向影响尚不明确。
H. Gregg Lewis' estimates of the relative wage effect of unionism between 1920 and 1958 are routinely cited though they have rarely been subject to scrutiny. This paper extends Lewis' data to 1980 and, in particular, we construct a series on union membership that links up with the data available in the 1970's from the Current Population Surveys. We proceed to reexamine the effects of trade unions both on relative wages and on relative man hours worked.Our estimates of the relative wage effect are similar to Lewis' though these are not measured with precision and a wide range of estimates are consistent with the results. With respect to the effect of unionism on relative man hours worked, we are not at all satisfied that the analysis of these data clearly points to the existence of a negative effect.