Branch‐and‐Price Methods for Prescribing Profitable Upgrades of High‐Technology Products with Stochastic Demands*
开发了一个决策支持模型，帮助制造商在高科技产品生命周期内制定盈利性升级决策，通过分支定价方法有效求解随机需求问题，并验证了其优于商业软件的性能。
ABSTRACT This paper develops a model that can be used as a decision support aid, helping manufacturers make profitable decisions in upgrading the features of a family of high‐technology products over its life cycle. The model integrates various organizations in the enterprise: product design, marketing, manufacturing, production planning, and supply chain management. Customer demand is assumed random and this uncertainty is addressed using scenario analysis. A branch‐and‐price (B&P) solution approach is devised to optimize the stochastic problem effectively. Sets of random instances are generated to evaluate the effectiveness of our solution approach in comparison with that of commercial software on the basis of run time. Computational results indicate that our approach outperforms commercial software on all of our test problems and is capable of solving practical problems in reasonable run time. We present several examples to demonstrate how managers can use our models to answer “what if” questions.