Integrating race and adult psychosocial development
通过对10名黑人男性企业家的传记访谈，支持了Levinson的发展阶段理论，并基于种族动态的影响，提出了成人心理社会发展的两项新任务：形成个体种族身份和致力于消除种族歧视的自我概念。
Abstract The biographical interview method was used to study the lives of 10 black male entrepreneurs. The findings of this investigation supported Levinson's theory of developmental periods. The concept of evolving life structure was found to be vibrant and viable. Because of the impact of racial dynamics and racism, on the men's lives, two new developmental tasks of adult psychosocial development are proposed: (1) to form an individual racial identity that both acknowledges and frees the individual of their own racism and prejudices, and (2) to form an individual self‐concept dedicated to the eradication of racial discrimination and racial prejudice from society.