The Wage Effects of Offshoring: Evidence from Danish Matched Worker-Firm Data
利用丹麦工人与企业匹配数据，发现离岸外包提高高技能工人工资、降低低技能工人工资，而出口提高所有技能类型工资，且贸易的净工资效应在同一技能类型内差异显著。
We employ data that match the population of Danish workers to the universe of private-sector Danish firms, with product-level trade flows by origin- and destination-countries. We document new stylized facts about offshoring and instrument for offshoring and exporting. Within job spells, offshoring increases (decreases) the high-skilled ( low-skilled) wage; exporting increases the wages of all skill-types; the net wage-effect of trade varies substantially within the same skill-type; conditional on skill, the wage-effect of offshoring varies across task characteristics. We estimate the overall effects of offshoring on workers' present and future income streams by constructing pre- offshoring-shock worker-cohorts and tracking them over time.