A sociological view on why firms differ
指出许多解释企业差异的理论实际解释的是成功企业的差异，并探讨这一区别对战略管理领域的影响，综述了权变理论、资源依赖理论、交易成本经济学等多种组织与经济理论。
Abstract Much theory and research that apparently seeks to explain why firms differ actually addresses the question of why successful firms differ. This article explains why the two questions are different and explores some of the implications of this difference for the field of strategic management. A wide variety of organizational and economic theories are reviewed in this context, including contingency theory, resource dependence theory, process models, dispositional models, transaction cost economics, organizational ecology and institutional theory. Further discussion considers why heterogeneity persists at the firm level when it becomes apparent that only certain types of firms will succeed.