Determinants of invention commercialization: an empirical examination of academically sourced inventions
研究了技术发明的属性（范围、开创性、年龄）如何影响其商业化成功率，基于麻省理工学院许可专利数据发现，范围广和开创性强的发明更易实现首次销售，而发明年龄与商业化呈倒U型关系。
Abstract We examine the attributes of technological inventions that influence their commercialization. Using a unique dataset of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)‐licensed patents, we show that the likelihood of invention commercialization, which we measure by the achievement of first sale, is positively associated with two characteristics of licensed technological inventions—scope and pioneering nature—and has an inverted U‐shaped relationship with the age of the invention. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.