Antecedents of Organizational Slack
提出了一个描述组织冗余前因的模型，包含环境偶然性、组织特征和主导联盟的价值观与信念三组预测因素，并详细说明了它们如何导致不同水平和类型的冗余资源。
Organizational slack has been widely discussed, but only in its role as an antecedent of performance, political behavior, bankruptcy, and other phenomena. A model that describes the antecedents of organizational slack is presented here. It contains three sets of predictors: environmental contingencies, organizational characteristics, and the values and beliefs of dominant coalition. Hypotheses detailing how each set of predictors leads to the development of different levels and types of slack resources are presented.