Cascading Organizational Change
构建了一个关于组织结构变革的形式化理论，将组织架构视为代码系统，分析初始变革如何引发一系列级联变化，并论证发起变革的部门中心性会影响重组总时长和机会成本。
This article develops a formal theory of the structural aspects of organizational change. It concentrates on changes in an organization's architecture, depicted as a code system. It models the common process whereby an initial architectural change prompts other changes in the organization, generating a cascade of changes that represents the full reorganization. The main argument ties centrality of the organizational unit initiating a change to the total time that the organization spends reorganizing and to the associated opportunity costs. The central theorem holds that the expected deleterious effect of a change in architecture on the mortality hazard increases with viscosity and the intricacy of the organizational design.