Values and preferences are not necessarily the same
指出经济学理论通常不区分价值观与偏好，但认为健康等基本生活方面的价值观与偏好不同，前者需要构建和澄清才能被引出，并讨论了这对健康状态评估的影响。
Economic theory typically draws no distinction between preferences and values, assumes that preferences are stable and complete and that all that need be done to elicit them is to ask the right question in the right way. It is argued here that values for some fundamental aspects of life, such as health, are not the same as preferences. The former are less differentiated and require construction and clarification before they can be elicited. The implications of this for health state valuation are discussed.