Embodied Technological Change, Learning‐by‐doing and the Productivity Slowdown*
研究了美国经济自第一次石油冲击以来生产率放缓的现象，发现设备投资相对价格下降加快与非体现型技术变革减缓相关，通过增长模型解释了学习效率从消费部门转向投资部门导致的技术重新分配。
Abstract The productivity slowdown in the US economy since the first oil shock has recently been associated with a larger decline rate of the relative price of equipment investment and a smaller rate of disembodied technical change. We set up a growth model in which learning‐by‐doing is the engine of both embodied and disembodied technological progress. A shift in the relative efficiency of learning‐by‐doing from the consumption to the investment sector is shown to imply a technological reassignment consistent with the above‐mentioned evidence. This result derives from the interaction between the obsolescence costs inherent in embodiment and the learning‐by‐doing engine.