Liquidity Provision of Limit Order Trading in the Futures Market Under Bull and Bear Markets
研究纯指令驱动期货市场中限价单如何影响流动性，发现牛市时市场深度随瞬时波动增加而增加，熊市时机构交易加剧会减少流动性提供。
Abstract: This study investigates how limit orders affect liquidity in a purely order‐driven futures market. Additionally, the possible asymmetric relationship between market depth and transitory volatility in bull and bear markets and the effect of institutional trading on liquidity provision behavior are examined as well. The empirical results demonstrate that subsequent market depth increases as transient volatility increases in bull markets. Market depth exhibits significantly positive relationship to subsequent transient volatility in bull markets. Additionally, although trading volume positively influences transient volatility in bull markets, no such relationship exists in bear markets. Liquidity provision decreases when institutional trading activity intensifies during bear markets. Thus, liquidity provision for limit orders differs between bull and bear markets.