Reversal of Fortune: Immiserizing Technical Change in Agriculture
结合Bhagwati和Johnson关于致贫增长的理论，分析政府商品政策与技术变革的相互作用如何可能导致国家福利损失，并给出更一般的条件来描述扭曲对技术变革收益的影响。
Abstract Several recent studies have reported the possibility of immiserizing technical change in agriculture. In these studies, the interaction of government commodity policy and technical change has been shown potentially to lead to a loss of national welfare, a negative rate of return to research. The purpose of this paper is to tie these recent results to the earlier results of Bhagwati and Johnson on immiserizing growth (technical change), and to offer a more general condition for describing the impacts of distortions on the benefits from technical change.