Urbanization revisited: Inner-city slum of hope and squatter settlement of despair
挑战了1960-70年代对拉丁美洲棚户区（希望之贫民窟）和内城（绝望之贫民窟）的刻板印象，指出到1980年代末情况反转，内城居民在经济危机和紧缩政策下比边缘区居民更具适应优势，基于墨西哥城20年民族志研究。
In Latin America, shantytowns and squatter settlements were portrayed as “slums of hope” and inner-city areas as “slums of despair” in the 1960s and 1970s. It is argued in this article that the positive conception of the former and the negative conception of the latter were both exaggerated. By the latter 1980s, inner-city areas may be “slums of hope” while shantytowns, in comparison, are “slums of despair”. The reversal is attributable to changed macro conditions: the economic crisis plaguing Third World economies, and the austerity policies implemented as a consequence. Ethnographic work in Mexico City over a 20-year period shows center-city residents to be better situated than residents of the city periphery to adapt to the economic crisis.