Cultural Beliefs and the Organization of Society: A Historical and Theoretical Reflection on Collectivist and Individualist Societies
结合博弈论和社会学概念，比较分析文化与制度的历史关系，指出文化信念在决定制度、路径依赖及阻碍跨社会制度采纳中的重要性，并通过穆斯林与拉丁世界的两个前现代社会案例，说明不同文化和社会组织对经济发展的历史影响。
This paper integrates game-theoretical and sociological concepts to conduct a comparative historical analysis of the relations between culture and institutions. It indicates the importance of culture, and in particular cultural beliefs, in determining institutions, in institutional path dependence, and in forestalling intersociety successful adoption of institutions. Examination of institutional change in two premodern societies from the Muslim and the Latin worlds yields that their distinct institutional structures resemble those found by social psychologists to differentiate contemporary developing and developed economies. This suggests the historical importance of distinct cultures and the related societal organizations in economic development. Copyright 1994 by University of Chicago Press.