Vertical Integration and Technological Innovation
发现1954-1975年美国石油工业的纵向一体化与基础及应用研究支出存在显著关系，提出若干假说，认为组织结构影响现代企业的研发支出。
The authors find that a significant relationship exists between vertical integration and expenditures for basic and applied research for the US petroleum industry, 1954-1975. They advance several hypotheses consistent with this finding, and conclude that organizational structure influences expenditures on research in the modern business enterprise.