The Classical Soviet-Type Economy: Nature of the System and Implications for Reform
剖析传统苏联经济体制的制度逻辑与自然经济后果，指出其核心特征相互依存，改革需同时改变所有特征，渐进式改革可能失败，而全面替换体制是建立市场经济的必要条件。
Below I will outline the traditional Soviet economic system, developing its logic of institutions and interactions, and pointing out their natural economic consequences. This will lead me to a list of defining characteristics of that system, characteristics that are mutually dependent and supporting and hence must be changed more or less simultaneously if effective reform is to take place. One implication is that step-by-step measures are likely to fail. Instead, complete replacement of the economic system, as apparently intended by many East European reformers, seems necessary for a market-based system to begin functioning. This will be a truly monumental task and nowhere more so than in the Soviet Union.