Strategy, Complexity, and Economic Rent
讨论未来战略理论必须纳入的摩擦力量，强调心理因素最重要，认为战略核心是在不稳定复杂环境中为高赌注决策开发并检验启发式方法，需兼顾理性与行为维度。
This paper discusses important friction forces that future theories of strategy must incorporate. Some of these are technological and environmental; but the most important ones—it is argued—are psychological. The view is developed that strategy, at its core, concerns the development and testing of heuristics for high stake decisions in environments too unstable and complex to be optimized. The paper especially highlights the behavioral dimension, in the belief that strategies should incorporate both the rational and suboptimal aspects of human behavior. The rational approach is in many ways the easier, as there may be only one way to be right. Yet, the great variety in which people and companies can err gives strategy its creative and real-world challenge. The tension between the rational and behavioral components is what the field of strategy should seek to exploit.