The Impact of Immigrants on Host Country Wages, Employment and Growth
实证证据表明，移民对本地人工资和就业的负面影响很小，移民增加10%仅使本地工资下降0-1%，且对人均收入增长的影响取决于移民的人力资本水平。
The popular belief that immigrants have a large adverse impact on the wages and employment opportunities of the native-born population of the receiving country is not supported by the empirical evidence. A 10 percent increase in the fraction of immigrants in the population reduces native wages by 0-1 percent. Even those natives who are the closest substitutes with immigrant labor do not suffer significantly as a result of increased immigration. There is no evidence of economically significant reductions in native employment. The impact on natives’ per capita income growth depends crucially on the immigrants’ human capital levels.