A Translog Cost Function Analysis of U.S. Agriculture, 1939–77
使用超越对数成本函数分析美国农业，将作物和牲畜视为两种产出，估计投入替代弹性、要素需求价格弹性以及希克斯中性技术变革率，发现资本与劳动替代性下降，技术变革率为每年1.8%。
Abstract The translog cost function provides a convenient framework for analyzing U.S. agricultural production in a multioutput context. Treating crops and livestock as two distinct outputs, this study utilizes standard results of neoclassical duality theory to obtain measures of pairwise elasticities of substitution between inputs, price elasticities of factor demands, and the rate of Hicks‐neutral technical change. Results obtained from joint GLS estimation of parameters of cost and share equations indicate a declining trend in the degree of substitutability between capital and labor. Price elasticity of demand for all inputs increased over time. The measured rate of technical change was 1.8%per year.