Competition and Performance in the Nonprofit Sector: The Case of US Medical Research Charities
构建了一个非营利企业行为模型，以美国医学研究慈善机构为例，分析市场竞争对慈善机构绩效的影响，发现市场集中度提高会减少研究资金并增加自由支配支出。
This paper develops a model of nonprofit firm behavior which links nonprofit market structure, firm-specific characteristics, and firm performance. A method for defining nonprofit industries is proposed in order to generate measures of intramarket competition for donations in one specific philanthropic "industry"-the medical research charity industry. These measures and other data are used to estimate structure-performance relationships implied by the behavioral model. Analysis of administrative, fundraising and research allocations shows that market structure is indeed important in determining the behavior of charities. Increases in market concentration lead to reduced funding for research projects and greater discretionary expenditures. Copyright 1987 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd.