Education and Invention
利用芬兰发明家数据和到最近技术大学的距离作为工具变量，研究发现工程硕士教育对专利申请有正向因果效应，且新建三所技术大学使芬兰发明家的美国专利数量增加20%。
Modern growth theory puts invention on the center stage. Inventions are created by individuals, raising the question of whether we can increase the number of inventors. To answer this question, we study the causal effect of MSc engineering education on invention, using data on U.S. patents’ Finnish inventors and the distance to the nearest technical university as an instrument. We find a positive effect of engineering education on the propensity to patent and a negative OLS bias. Our counterfactual calculation suggests that establishing three new technical universities resulted in a 20% increase in the number of USPTO patents by Finnish inventors.