Spillover effects, cost savings, R&D and the use of brand extensions
通过研发与营销不确定性模型，解释了品牌延伸比新品牌产品更晚进入市场，且早期进入的品牌延伸成功率低于新品牌产品的实证现象。
Introducing a new product as a brand extension can both lower the cost of introduction and create a spillover effect that depends on its realized quality level. We show that these two facts along with a model of R&D in the presence of marketing uncertainty, explain the empirical observation that firms introduce brand extensions later than new-name products. Our theory also explains the otherwise puzzling empirical observation that brand extensions that enter early in the product life cycle succeed less often than do early entering new-name products.