Substitution Effects in CVM Values
通过设计并实施条件价值评估法调查，发现忽略替代品会显著影响环境项目支付意愿的统计估计，且潜在替代品范围很广。
Abstract There is increasing recognition that statistical estimates of the average willingness to pay for environmental programs may be biased by the failure of respondents, or of the statistical methodology, to consider the effect of substitute programs and goods. We design and implement a CVM survey that estimates the impact of substitution effects on the willingness to pay for an environmental program. We find a statistically significant impact and suggest that the set of potential substitutes is very large.