Paradigms, Metaphors, and Puzzle Solving in Organization Theory
提出激进人本主义批判，认为组织理论被其隐喻所禁锢，通过分析范式、隐喻与解谜的关系，揭示理论建构的假设网络，倡导理论和方法论多元主义以发展新的组织分析视角。
The purpose of this paper is to present the elements of a radical humanist critique which suggests that the discipline of organization theory has been imprisoned by its metaphors, and to stimulate an awareness through which it can begin to set itself free. The paper explores the relationship among paradigms, metaphors, and puzzle solving showing how organization theory and research is constructed upon a network of assumptions that are taken-for-granted. The metaphorical nature of theory and the implications of metaphor for theory construction are examined. A theoretical and methodological pluralism which allows the development of new perspectives for organizational analysis is suggested. While orthodoxy is based upon a few metaphors characteristic of the functionalist paradigm, metaphors characteristic of other paradigms, which challenge the ground assumptions of orthodoxy, are shown to have much to offer.