A methodological approach to evaluating horizontal and vertical integration in agriculture in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union
提出一种评估东欧和苏联社会主义农业中横向与纵向整合效果的方法，通过比较整合后实际产量与无进一步整合的预测产量，并基于指数平滑预测和微观生产函数调整要素投入变化，以保加利亚为例验证了方法的有效性。
A methodology is outlined for the evaluation of horizontal and vertical integration in socialist agriculture in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union in terms of a comparison between the volume of production attained after the integration process was carried out and that which would have been attained without further integration. The procedure proposed is based on exponential smoothing forecasting to which adjustments are made for changes in factor inputs via a micro-economic production function. A practical application for Bulgaria is reported. The results of the exponential smoothing plus production function analysis accord with those obtained by traditional evaluation procedures.