Critical Number Policies for Inventory Models with Periodic Data
研究需求数据周期性变化的无限期库存问题，证明平均成本情形下周期性关键数策略的最优性，并给出一种更简单的算法和策略的平滑特性。
We consider an infinite-horizon in problem with stochastic demands where the data vary periodically. Karlin (Karlin, S. 1960a. Dynamic inventory policy with varying stochastic demands. Management Sci. 6 231–258; Karlin, S. 1960b. Optimal policy for dynamic inventory process with stochastic demands subject to seasonal variations. J. SIAM 8 611–629.) shows that a periodic critical-number policy is optimal and presents an algorithm for computing the critical numbers, assuming discounted costs. Here we develop an alternative, conceptually simpler approach to these problems. The results include a proof of the optimality of such policies for the average-cost case, and a qualitative description of the behavior of the optimal policy as “smoothing” fluctuations in the data.