Collective Bargaining Laws, Threat Effects, and the Determination of Police Compensation
证明州集体谈判法律是决定工会和非工会公共雇员薪酬的重要因素，更强的谈判权利和程序闭合性增加了警察工会对薪酬的直接效应，并通过威胁效应提升非工会警察的薪酬。
This article demonstrates that state collective bargaining laws are important determinants of union and nonunion public employee compensation. State laws that provide stronger bargaining rights and ensure closure to the bargaining process increase the direct effect of police unions on compensation. Moreover, indirect threat effects on the pay of nonunion police also increase with stronger bargaining laws. In each law category investigated, nonunion police receive most of the compensation premium enjoyed by unionized police. Previous studies that have not adequately controlled for these effects of bargaining laws have therefore underestimated the full effect of public-sector unions on compensation. Copyright 1989 by University of Chicago Press.