Income distribution in Brazil: A regional approach1
利用1970-1974年个人所得税申报数据，建立线性回归模型识别巴西区域收入分配差异的决定因素，发现物质进步会稳定不平等但水平高于发达国家。
Abstract This article is an attempt to identify the determinants of regional differences in the distribution of income in Brazil using data from the personal income tax returns from 1970 to 1974. We formulated and tested linear regression models using pooled cross‐section and time series data. The most complete model considered explanatory variables such as: (1)the real mean income of the returns; (2) productive structure of the regions; (3) the proportion of labour income; (4) the proportion of single income tax filings; and (5) a set of dummy variables to capture shifts in the cross‐section relationships over time. This model specification provided a good overall fit, coefficients being, in general, statistically significant and having the appropriate sign. The estimated regression enabled us to make the important prediction that as material progress takes place, inequality will tend to stabilize, but at a much higher level than that presently experienced by developed countries of the western hemisphere. Notes The ideas expressed in this article are more fully dealt with in the author's unpublished PhD thesis entitled ‘Two Essays on Income Distribution: Problems of Measurement and Trends in Brazilian Income Inequality’, Department of Economics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, 1979. Special gratitude goes to Professor Lars Osberg, my thesis supervisor, for encouraging me to write the present article. I am also indebted to Dr John Wells for helpful comments. Errors if any and opinions are mine. COPPE—Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.