Africa's Growth Tragedy: Policies and Ethnic Divisions
探讨种族多样性如何影响公共政策选择，进而解释非洲国家间增长差异，发现高种族分裂是导致低教育、政治不稳、金融落后等特征的重要原因。
Explaining cross-country differences in growth rates requires not only an understanding of the link between growth and public policies, but also an understanding of why countries choose different public policies. This paper shows that ethnic diversity helps explain cross-country differences in public policies and other economic indicators. In the case of Sub-Saharan Africa, economic growth is associated with low schooling, political instability, underdeveloped financial systems, distorted foreign exchange markets, high government deficits, and insufficient infrastructure. Africa's high ethnic fragmentation explains a significant part of most of these characteristics.