Spatial Price Competition and the Demand for Freight Transportation
用计量方法分析货运需求，解决货运量与运输方式/目的地选择的同时性问题，并考虑空间价格竞争对需求的影响，为政策分析提供弹性估计。
This paper addresses two important issues of econometric freight transportation demand analysis: the simultaneity between quantity shipped and mode/destination choice, and the effect of spatial price competition on the demand. The use of switching regression techniques allows estimation of the model because shipment size and mode/destination choice are derived from the same optimization problem. In the theoretical model, spatial price competition determines the company's market area and therefore determines its sales and shipment sizes. The empirical model provides consistent estimates of unconditional freight demand. The estimates are necessary to forecast transportation flows and derive elasticities for policy analysis.