Measuring organizational performance in the absence of objective measures: The case of the privately‐held firm and conglomerate business unit
研究了当私营企业和集团业务单元难以获取客观绩效数据时，从高层管理团队收集的主观绩效指标的有效性。
Abstract Strategic management researchers often encounter problems obtaining objective measures of selected aspects of organizational performance that are reliable and valid. With privately‐held firms, such data are frequently unavailable. With conglomerate business units, all or parts of such data are inextricably interwoven with corporate‐wide data. This paper examines the usefulness of subjective performance measures, obtained from top management teams, when problems are encountered in obtaining accurate performance data.