Asymmetric Price Risk: An Econometric Analysis of Aggregate Sow Farrowings, 1973–86
用计量方法估计母猪存栏对价格风险的反应，发现不对称风险（不利偏差）比对称风险更能解释生产者行为，对现金和期货市场均适用。
Abstract Aggregate sow farrowing response to price risk is estimated where price risk is defined as the difference between expected price at decision time and realized price at acquisition or selling time. Asymmetric (unfavorable deviations) and symmetric (favorable and unfavorable deviations) forms of price risk are estimated utilizing cash and futures prices. Statistical results suggest that an asymmetric form of risk analysis is preferred to a symmetric form, for both cash and futures markets.