The Economics of Real Superstars: The Market for Rock Concerts in the Material World
分析1997年后音乐会票价飙升的原因，探讨二手票市场、超级巨星效应、成本病、主办方集中度以及文件分享对票价的影响，认为唱片与演唱会互补性减弱是主因。
Beginning in 1997, the price of concert tickets took off and ticket sales declined. From 1996 to 2003, for example, the average concert price increased by 82%, while the CPI increased by 17%. Explanations for price growth include (1) the possible crowding out of the secondary ticket market, (2) rising superstar effects, (3) Baumols and Bowen's disease, (4) increased concentraion of promoters, and (5) the erosion of complementarities between concerts and album sales because of file sharing and CD copying. The article tentatively concludes that the decline in complementarities is the main cause of the recent surge in concert prices.