Complexity and Empirical Economics
探讨复杂系统方法在经济学中的应用现状，指出历史研究、幂律识别和社会互动分析三类实证工作虽提供典型事实，但未能有力证明经济系统具有复杂系统的微观结构，原因在于忽视识别问题，未来应以识别分析为核心。
This article explores the state of interplay between recent efforts to introduce complex systems methods into economics and the understanding of empirical phenomena. The empirical side of economic complexity may be divided into three general branches: historical studies, the identification of power and scaling laws, and analyses of social interactions. I argue that, while providing useful 'stylised facts', none of these empirical approaches has produced compelling evidence that economic contexts exhibit the substantive microstructure or properties of complex systems. This failure reflects inadequate attention to identification problems. Identification analysis should therefore be at the centre of future work on the empirics of complexity. Copyright 2005 Royal Economic Society.