The Effect of School Choice on Participants: Evidence from Randomized Lotteries
利用芝加哥公立学校高中录取的随机抽签，发现中签学生进入更好的学校，但在传统学业指标上无系统优势，仅在非传统指标（如违纪和逮捕率）上有所改善。
School choice has become an increasingly prominent strategy for enhancing academic achievement. To evaluate the impact on participants, we exploit randomized lotteries that determine high school admission in the Chicago Public Schools. Compared to those students who lose lotteries, students who win attend high schools that are better in a number of dimensions, including peer achievement and attainment levels. Nonetheless, we find little evidence that winning a lottery provides any systematic benefit across a wide variety of traditional academic measures. Lottery winners do, however, experience improvements on a subset of nontraditional outcome measures, such as self-reported disciplinary incidents and arrest rates. Copyright The Econometric Society 2006.