Unions, Relative Wages, and Economic Efficiency
通过数值一般均衡模型，实证分析工会工资溢价对资源配置和经济效率的影响，发现工资溢价导致各行业要素价格和产量调整，但带来的无谓损失较小。
The ability of unions to raise the wages of their members above the wages of similar but nonunionized workers is well documented. This paper examines empirically the implications of that wage differential for resource allocation and economic efficiency. This is accomplished by explicitly solving a numerically specified general equilibrium system with and without the wage differential. Comparison of the two solutions yields the desired information. The findings indicate that the wage premium results in adjustments in prices and quantities of factors and commodities that vary widely across industries. These adjustments are found to carry a small deadweight loss, as measured by the Hicksian equivalent variation.