From ideas to action: Creating a learning organization
提出创建学习型组织的实用策略，基于研究归纳出五个关键要素，帮助管理者衡量并提升组织学习效率。
Abstract Discussions of learning organizations too often end up intangible and obscure. While organizational learning is easy to recognize, it is often difficult to describe and dissect. Here, emphasizing the pragmatic rather than the abstract, the authors offer a solid strategy for creating a learning organization. Their extensive research suggests that at least five elements are essential for companies to become learning organizations. Together, these elements provide a formula for creating a learning organization. By closely examining each element within that formula, managers can measure and increase the rate of learning within their organizations. © 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.