The Evaluation of the Benefits of Basic Need Policies
提出一种量化基本需求政策社会效益的方法，将政策定义与社会标准满足程度挂钩，并纳入影子价格框架。实证表明，在贫困国家，保障最低食物消费会显著提高粮食生产的溢价。
Abstract This paper presents a method to quantify social benefits of basic need policies by ( a ) relating their definition to the degree of fulfillment of accepted social standards, and ( b ) recasting the analysis of basic need projects within the general framework of shadow pricing in cost‐benefit analysis. An empirical application of this method shows that in poor countries, the attempt at upholding a standard of minimum food consumption for the poor would put substantial premiums on food production over and above world (or domestic supply) prices provided that the increased food supply results in sufficiently higher consumption for the undernourished.