Preferences over Prosperity and Pollution: Environmental Valuation based on Happiness Surveys
利用跨国幸福调查数据，结合人均收入和污染数据，研究人们如何在繁荣与环境之间权衡，并计算出改善空气质量的经济价值，例如德国公民需每年补偿1900美元才能接受日本的典型城市空气污染水平。
This paper uses cross–national data from happiness surveys, jointly with data on per capita income and pollution, to examine how self–reported well–being varies with prosperity and environmental conditions. This approach allows us to show that citizens care about prosperity and the environment, and to calculate the trade–off people are willing to make between them. The paper finds that the effect of urban air pollution on subjective well–being shows up as a considerable monetary valuation of improved air quality. For instance, a representative German citizen would need to be given more than 1900 $ per year in order to accept the typical urban air pollution level prevailing in Japan. The subjective marginal valuation of air pollution is compared with marginal abatement costs from the literature.