Intellectual property: the assessment
总结了知识产权商业化趋势（如专利、许可、版权）及其政策影响，为评估相关问题提供背景，适合关注知识产权政策与管理的读者。
In recent years, there has been an increase in the commercialization of intellectual property (IP), via such mechanisms as patents, licences, copyrights, and trade marks. New institutions (e.g. science parks), as well as new organizational forms (e.g. research joint ventures), have emerged to facilitate the creation and commercialization of IP. Existing institutions, most notably universities, have become much more aggressive in protecting their IP and devising ways to generate additional revenue from their IP portfolios. These trends have important policy implications, which are addressed by the authors in this issue. We summarize their contributions and provide some context for assessing these salient matters.