What's Different about Exporters? Evidence from Colombian Manufacturing
利用哥伦比亚制造业企业面板数据，发现出口企业在首次出口前三年就显著更大、资本更密集、劳动生产率更高、工资更高，且这些差异在进入出口市场前持续扩大；进入后销售额、就业和熟练工人比例增长更快，但劳动生产率和资本密集度增长与内销企业无差异。
Using a large panel of Colombian manufacturing plants, this paper finds that exporters are significantly larger, more capital intensive, have higher labour productivity, and pay higher wages than nonexporters three years before exporting for the first time. The differential in performance increases in the years leading to entry in the export market. After entry, sales, employment, and the proportion of skilled workers in the labour force keep growing significantly faster for exporters, but the growth of labour productivity and capital intensity is indistinguishable for exporters and nonexporters.