The dynamics of failure in international new ventures: A case study of Finnish and Irish software companies
基于文献框架和芬兰、爱尔兰四个案例，研究了快速国际化背景下新创企业的失败过程，识别了关键事件和内外因素，发现管理能力（尤其是经验和业务能力）过滤了外部失败驱动因素。
This article investigates venture failure in the context of rapid internationalisation using a literature-based framework and four illustrative cases from Finland and Ireland. In addition to introducing a contextualised definition of failure, we offer a holistic framework for analysing failure in future studies while also identifying critical incidents, as well as internal and external factors, informing the failure process. The findings suggest that managerial capabilities, particularly managerial experience and business competence, filter the external drivers of failure.