Evaluating Environmental Risks Using Safety‐First Constraints
将上偏矩概念引入线性规划模型，以施加安全优先的环境约束。模型基于离散样本的实证分布，允许决策者设定目标和合规概率，并内生确定风险水平。
Abstract This article incorporates an upper partial moment concept into a linear programming model to impose safety‐first environmental constraints. The model is linear and deterministic, treats a discrete sample as an empirical distribution, and optimizes over the column space. It allows a decision maker to specify the objectives and the compliance probabilities with the objectives when making decisions, and endogenously determines the risk levels. Even though it is presented in the context of environmental management, the model is general enough to be extended to other situations where the probability of a variable exceeding some target or standard is restricted.