Constrained Plott Equilibria, Directional Equilibria and Global Cycling Sets
关联了两种研究多数规则非传递性的方法，并基于简单观察得出全局循环普遍存在的新结论，原因与多数规则均衡罕见相同：选民分布极少足够对称。
Recent studies use two distinct approaches to study majority rule intransitivities. First, McKelvey (1976, 1979) and Cohen (1979) examine global cycling sets in multidimensional spaces. Second, Schofield (1977, 1978a, b) investigates local continuous cycling. Both approaches lead to the conclusion that cycling sets tend to be large. In this paper, these studies are related to each other and to the work of Matthews (1978, 1979) on undominated directions. Simple observations lead to a new and stronger result indicating the extreme pervasiveness of global cycling. The key observation is that global cycling is ubiquitous for the same reason that majority rule equilibria rarely exist, namely, that the distribution of voters is rarely symmetric enough.