Television and Contraceptive Use – A Weak Signal?
复制了电视拥有与避孕正相关的跨国截面发现，但使用印度尼西亚面板数据的固定效应模型后，电视变量不再显著，提示该关联可能并非因果关系。
In recent years, rural electrification and access to television have spread throughout the developing world. The values and cultural norms embodied in television programming have potentially profound implications for influencing behaviour, including reproductive decisions. After replicating Westoff and Koffman’s (2011) finding of a positive correlation between television ownership and contraception using pooled Indonesian data, we proceed to estimate a fixed-effects model. The coefficient on television loses its significance while other policy relevant variables retain theirs. We conclude that the growing corpus of cross-sectional evidence on a link between television and contraception should be interpreted cautiously.