Organizational Design and Environmental Performance: Clues From the Electronics Industry
研究了工厂经理与环境质量经理的直接汇报关系、环境绩效的货币激励以及环境质量经理与业务战略家的协调是否减少工厂有毒排放，发现只有经理薪酬与环境绩效挂钩能减少排放，且组织特征可能是排放绩效的结果而非原因。
A congruence model of organizational design suggests that direct reporting relationships between plant managers and environmental quality managers, monetary incentives for environmental performance, and coordination between environmental quality managers and business strategists reduce plant-level toxic emissions. We tested these relationships in a large sample of U.S. electronics facilities. Only a link between plant manager compensation and environmental performance reduced emissions. Subsequent analyses support a reverse causality, suggesting organizational characteristics result from (rather than cause) emissions performance and that firms remain reactive on environmental issues. These findings confront theories of environmental management and congruence with provocative questions, which we discuss in depth.