Kaldor on method: a challenge to contemporary methodology
审视卡尔多对正统经济理论的方法论批判，结合科学哲学最新发展，提出因果整体论框架，认为它比批判实在论更契合卡尔多的非一元论批判。
This paper examines Nicholas Kaldor's methodological critique of orthodox economic theory in the light of recent developments in the philosophy of science. T. Lawson (1989) has provided the most philosophically sophisticated interpretation of Kaldor's methodological work available to date from a critical realist perspective. The authors argue, in this paper, that critical realism, while clearly superior to existing orthodox approaches, is philosophically too restrictive and an alternative framework, causal holism, is developed. Causal holism, based on a synthesis of W. Van O. Quine's holism and B. van Fraassen's constructive empiricism, provides a methodological reconstruction of Kaldor that is ultimately more compatible with his 'nonmonist' critique of orthodox equilibrium economics. Copyright 1997 by Oxford University Press.