Technological Leadership and Productivity Leadership in Manufacturing Since the Industrial Revolution: Implications for the Convergence Debate
探讨美国自19世纪初以来在制造业生产率上保持领先，尽管技术领导权从英国转移到美国再到德国和日本，并分析大规模生产与手工生产两种体系的共存与动态变化。
The United States has been the labour productivity leader in manufacturing since the early nineteenth century despite changes in technological leadership from Britain to the United States and then to Germany and Japan. US productivity leadership is based on the more widespread use of mass production rather than craft production methods, determined by resource and factor endowments and demand patterns. The two systems can coexist so long as the technologically lagging system imitates and adapts. Changes in the relative dynamism of the two systems explain changes in technological leadership, but without necessarily leading to changes in productivity leadership.