Upgrades, Tradeins, and Buybacks
研究垄断厂商如何为多代耐用品定价，分析有二级市场（如教科书）和无二级市场（如软件）两种情形下，厂商选择生产、回购旧产品或提供升级折扣的条件。
We study monopoly pricing of overlapping generations of a durable good. We consider two sorts of goods: those with an active secondhand market and anonymous consumers, such as textbooks, and those with no secondhand market and consumers who can prove that they purchased the old good to qualify for a discount on the new one, such as software. In the first case we show that the monopolist may choose to either produce or repurchase the old good once the new one becomes available. In the latter case we determine when the monopolist chooses to offer upgrade discounts.